WATER EXISTS BOTH AS SOLID AND LIQUID AT 0 DEGREE C
THE FORMATION OF A CHEMICAL BOND IS ASSOCIATED WITH A DECREASE IN POTENTIAL ENERGY.
MOLECULE IS SMALLEST POSSIBLE UNIT OF A CHEMICAL COMPOUND
PROPERTY OF CARBON MONOXIDE ----REDUCING AGENT
THE PURE CRYSTALLINE FORM OF SILICA USED IN SCIENTIFIC APPARATUS FOR PASSING ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT IS CALLED QUARTZ GLASS
MAGNETIC QUANTUM NUMBER--- QUANTUM NUMBER THAT TENDS TO SPECIFY THE ORIENTATION IN SPACE FOR AN ORBITAL
PRINCIPAL QUANTUM NUMBER
AZIMUTHAL QUANTUM NUMBER
FERMENTATION INVARIABLY LEADS TO FORMATION OF ETHYL ALCOHOL
ISOTOPES ----- SAME ATOMIC NO BUT DIFF ATOMIC WEIGHT
ISOMERS------
ISOBARS----
ISOHYTES----
ISOTHERMS---
BOYLE' S LAW----DEALS WITH THE RELATIONSHIP OF PRESSURE AND TEMP
NEUTRON DISCOVERED BY CHADWICK
TOTAL NO OF SIGMA BONDS IN BETWEEN C6H6------SEVEN
bell metal ALLOY OF TIN AND COPPER
GLASS IS AMORPHOUS
A SOLUTION CONTAINING ONE MOLE OF A SOLUTE DISSOLVED IN 1000G OF SOLVENT IS A MOLAL SOLUTION
MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND IRON ORE INVOLVES THE PROCESS OF REDUCTION
IRON OBTAINED FROM BLAST FURNACE IS PIG IRON
OXIDATION STATE OF MANGANESE IN KMNO4 IS +6
HYDROGEN IS LIBERATED FROM NITRIC ACID BY THE ACTION OF MAGNESIUM
ABUNDANT COLOUR IN EARTH'S CRUST IS OXYGEN
SULPHUR DIOXIDE BLEACHES COLOURING MATTER BY REDUCTION
NITRIC ACID DOESNT REACT WITH GOLD
SILVER HALIDES ARE USED IN PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES BECOS THEY ARE
OXYGEN MANUFACTURED BY FRACTIONAL EVAPORATION OF LIQUID AIR
CALCINATION IS THE PROCESS OF HEATING THE ORE IN THE ABSENCE OF AIR
SODIUM BURNS IN AIR TO GIVE SODIUM PEROXIDE
COOLING OF MOLTEN GLASS IS TECHNICALLY KNOWN AS ANNEALING
THE COMPOUND USED TO PREPARE IODOFORM IS ACETONE
BRASS---CU AND ZN
DRY ICE IS---SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE
MILK IS EXAMPLE OF EMULSION
AVAGRADO LAW-----EQUAL VOLUMES OF ALL GASES UNDER SIMILAR CONDITIONS OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE CONTAIN EQUAL NUMBERS OF MOLECULES
TWO LIQUIDS HAVING DIFFERENT BOILING POINTS, SEPERATED BY FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
GALVANISING OF IRON IS TO PREVENT IT FROM RUSTING
FORMALDEHYDE USED IN MANUFACTURING OF BAKELITE
ZIRCONIUM IS NOT RADIOACTIVE
H2O2 ----ACT AS BOTH OXIDISING AND REDUCING AGENT
COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY ----OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF A SOLUTION
ARGON WAS DISCOVERED BY WILLIAM RAMSAY
GELATIN IS USED IN MANUFACTURING ICECREAM TO STABILISE THE COLLOID AND PREVENT CRYSTAL FORMATION
METAMERISM IS SHOWN BY METHYL PROPYLETHER AND DIETHYL ETHER
MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF SUBSTANCE IS ONLY A NUMBER
AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE THE RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTION IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO PRODUCT OF ACTIVE MASSES
THE CRYSTALLINE SUBSTANCE THAT CHANGES INTO LIQUID ON EXPOSURE TO MOIST AIR IS SAID TO BE DELIQUESCENT
NH3 GAS IS MOST SOLUBLE IN WATER
METHODS USED IN MAKING HARD WATER SOFT-----BOILING METHOD, ADDING WASHING SODA, PERMUTIT PROCESS, DEMINERALIZATION BUT NOT CHLORINATION
CAVENDISH--
ARRHENIUS----THEORY OF IONIZATION
OXYGEN PREPARED BY ACTION OF WATER ON PEROXIDES
TEMPORARY HARDNESS OF WATER IS DUE TO PRESENCE OF BICARBONATES OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM
HYDROPHOBIC STRUCTURE---LINSEED OIL, LANOLIN, NYLON,RUBBER, BUT NOT IN GLYCOGEN
SUBSTANCE WHICH DO NOT REACT WITH COLD WATER BUT WHICH DO REACT WITH STEAM ARE----CARBON,IRON,MAGNESIUM
ALL OTHERS REACT ARE IRON,ALUMINIUM,CHLORINE,CALCIUM,SULPHUR DIOXIDE,SODIUM,MAGNESIUM.
AQUA REGIA----THREE VOLUMES OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND ONE VOLUME OF NITRIC ACID
HEAVY WATER (DEUTERIUM) IS USUALLY PREPARED FROM ORDINARY WATER
WHEN WATER VAPOUR IS PASSED OVER RED HOT IRON --HYDROGEN AND FE2O3 ARE PRODUCED
EXCESS DILUTE NAOH SOLUTION ADDEDD TO ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE----A WHITE PRECIPITATE WHICH DISSOLVES IN EXCESS NAOH
SUBSTANCE USED FOR REMOVING NITROGEN FROM AIR IS MAGNESIUM
SULPHURIC ACID CAN BE DIFFERENTIATED FROM SULPHUROUS ACID BY ADDITION OF FERRIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION
WHICH IS NOT SOLUBLE IN WATER---LEAD SULPHATE, OTHER ARE SOLUBLE LIKE ZINC SULPHATE, CALCIUM SULPHATE, SODIUM SULPHATE,
GERMAN SILVER IS ALLOY OF ---CU, ZN, NI
GOLD IS HEAVIER THAN IRON
CAUSTIC SODA-----NAOH
RUSTING OF IRON IS DUE TO THE FORMATION OF FERIC HYDROXIDE
FERRO SILICON IS EXTREMELY ACID RESISTANT ALLOY
VITAMIN B---CONTAINS NITROGEN
INERT GAS SUBSTITUTED FOR NITROGEN IN AIR USED BY DEEP SEA DIVERS FOR BREATHING IS HELIUM
MINERAL IN MARBLE----CALCITE CRYSTAL
ALKALI METALS ARE USUALLY KEPT UNDER KEROSENE
SACCHARIN IS THE SWEETEST
QUANTUM IS KNOWN AS BUNDLE OF ENERGY
NUCLEAR REACTIONS ARE CAUSED BY CHARGED PARTICLES
PURITY OF BUTTER DETERMINED BY----REICHERT MIESSAL VALUE
GYLCERALDEHYDE IS USED TO MEASURE THE CONFIGURATION OF SUGAR
NUMBER OF OPTICAL ISOMERS IN WHICH SUGAR CAN EXIST ----16
CARBOHYDRATES RESPOND TO MOLISH'S TEST
MARSH TEST--
IODOFORM TEST--EYTHL ALCOHOL CAN BE DIFFERENTIATED FROM METHYL ALCOHOL CHEMICALLY
FURFURAL TEST--
LUCA'S TEST
SODIUM METAL REACTS WITH ETHANOL
AN ALCOHOL ON OXIDATION FIRST YIELD ALDEHYDE WHICH ON FURTHER OXIDATION YIELD CARBOXYLIC ACID, BOTH CONTAINING SAME NUMBER OF CARBON ATOMS AS THE ALCOHOL, THE ALCOHOL IS POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL
ETHYLENE OXIDE ON HYROLYSIS YEILD ETHANOL
PARAFFIN WAX USED IN MANUFACTURE OF CANDLE
WOOD SPIRIT ----METHYL ALCOHOL
MOBILITY OF H+ ION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION IS HIGH BECOS-----IT EXHIBITS GROTHUS TYPE OF CONDUCTION
NA2CO3 ------AQUEOUS SOLUTION IS BASIC IN NATURE
NON METAL WITH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY ----GRAPHITE
H SO 4- CAN ACT BOTH AS LOWRY --BRONSTED ACID AND BASE
WHICH IS INCORRECT
SPHERICAL CLUSTER OF CARBON ATOMS
C60 IS CALLED BUCKMINISTER FULLERENE
CONTAINS FIVE AND SIX MEMBERED RINGS IN ITS STRUCTURE
CARBON IS IN SP3 HYBRIDIZATION
BAKELITE-----PHENOL AND FORMALDEHYDE
MILK----EMULSION
INDUSTRY THT USES MICA AS A RAW MATERIAL IS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY
PREPARATION OF SODA WATER--------CARBON DIOXIDE
NUCLEI WITH EQUAL NUMBER OF NEUTRONS ARE-----ISOTONES
ISOMERS
ISOTOPES
ISOBARS
MOLARITY OF SULPHURIC ACID IS 2M. THE NORMALITY OF SULPHURIC ACID IS 4N
Isothermal process – T constant, P and V range
Adiabatic Process – Heat is neither allowed to enter nor leave the system
Isobaric process – P constant, T and V change
Isochoric process – V constant, P and T change
NH3 AND KCL IS SET OF PRIMARY NUTRIENTS
The oxidant used in the testing of alcohol on breath is K2Cr2O7
SULPHIDE ORES-----FROATH FLOTATION
GRAVITY SEPARATION
MAGNETIC SEPARATION
QUICK LIME---CAO
SALTPETRE----KNO3
CHILE SALTPERE-----NANO3
DURALUMIN----MG AND AL
THE OCTET RULE IS TENDENCY OF ELEMENTS TO ACHEIVE NOBLE GAS CONFIGURATION
RADIO ACTIVITY ELEMENT IN HALOGEN IS ASTATINE
ARTFICIAL RUBBER IS CALLED THIOKOL
ATOMIC RADIUS OF THE ELEMENTS INCREASE FROM NA TO CS
HALF LIFE PERIOD OF 6 C 14 ISOTOPE----5730 YEARS
EXISTENCE OF ISOTOPES WAS DISCOVERED BY SODDY
ANTHRACITE---70%
BITUMINOUS---90%
LIGNITE-----78%
PEAT-------60%
Pyrolusite is the mineral of Manganese
LIQUID AEROSOL----BUTTER
SOLID AEROSOL----MILK
EMULSION----SMOKE
GEL----MIST
LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTION WAS ENUNCIATED BY---PROUST
INGREDIENTS OF SOME TOOTH PASTE IS CA CO3
HYDROGEN-------FUEL OF THE FUTURE
BROMINE-----DIATOMIC MOLECULE
SULPHUR-----POLYATOMIC ELEMENT
SILVER---ATOMICITY ONE
PERCENTAGE OF OXYGEN PRESENT IN HUMAN BODY IS 65%
ALKANES---CN H2N+2
ALKENES---CN H2N
ALKYNES---CN H2N-2
PHOSPHATE ION---VALENCY 3
BOND FORMED BETWN ELECTRO POSITIVE ELEMENTS AND ELECTRO NEGATIVE ELEMENTS IS CALLED-----IONIC BOND
THE COLOUR OF GAS LIBERATED WHEN LEAD NITRATE HEATED IS BROWN
DURING THE REDUCTION OF CHLORINE INTO CHLORIDE, NUMBER OF ELECTRONS GAINED BY CHLORINE IS ONE
MAJOR COMPONENT OF HEAVY OIL (CREOSOTE) IS PHENOL, NAPHTHALENE ANTHRACENE
METHANE---CH4
PROPANE---C3H8
ETHANE----C2H6
BUTANE----C4H10
HOOCCOOH-----OXALI ACID
FORMIC ACID IS A STRONGER ACID THAN ACETIC ACID.
FORMIC ACID IS AN ORGANIC ACID AS WELL AS ACTIVE ACID IS AN ORGANIC ACID.
solubility increses on heating
magnesium chloride highest salt in sea water
BROMINE-----NON METAL THT EXISTS IN LIQUID FORM IN ROOM TEMP
CAOCL2----IODOFORM PREPARED
NAHCO3----RELIEVES INDIGESTION
NA2CO3----IT IS USED FOR SOFETENING HARD WATER
NACL---PRODUCING FREEZING MIXTURE
GRAVIMETRIC PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN IN WATER--88.89:11.11
AMMONIUM SULPHATE,AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE,POTASSIUM CHOLIDE-----NPK FERTILIZER
HOPE'S APPARATUS----USED TO MEASURE---ANOMALOUS EXPANSION OF WATER
HIGHEST RECIEVING TEMP OF MOON----110 DEGREE C
THE ELECTRIC DEVICE OF THERMOSTAT----IRON BOX
CLINICAL THERMOMETER MEASURES TEMP VERY SHORT RANGE OF 10 DEGREE C
HOFFMAN'S VOLTAMETER WATER IS ELECTROLYSED INTO ITS CONSTITUENT ELEMNETS OXYGEN IS LIBERATED AT ANODE
IF ANGLE OF INCIDENCE OF RAY OF LIGHT ON A PLANE MIRROR IS 60 DEGREE THEN THE ANGLE OF REFLECTION IS 60 DEGREE
ACETIC ACID-----VINEGAR
CHOLIC ACID----BILE
STEARIC ACID---FATS
OXALIC ACID---TOMATO
INDICATOR PHENOLPHATLIN
THE GEOMETRIC CENTRE OF SPHERICAL SURFACE OF THE MIRROR IS CALLED POLE
THE SOUND PRODUCED BY A VEENA AND FLUTE IS DUE TO DIFFERENCE IN THE QUALITY OF THE NOTE.
THE COMPRESSIONS AND RAREFACTIONS ARE PRODUCE IN SOUND
IN CONCAVE MIRRORS THE OBJECT POSITION IS BETWN F AND C IN THEN THE POSITION OF IMAGE IS BEYOND C
SIMPLE SALT------SODIUM CHLORIDE
ACIDIC SALT-----SODIUM BICARBONATE
COMPLEX SALT-----SODIUM ZINC CYANIDE
MOHR'S SALT-----
GRAPHITE,COPPER,SILVER------CONDUCTS ELECTRIC CHARGES
MICA DOESNT
SPEED OF LIGHT IN AIR IS-----3*10 ^8 m/s
white VITRIOL---ZNSO4.7H2O
BLUE VITRIOL--CUSO4.5H2O
GREEN VITRIOL---FeSO4. 7 H2O
DESCENDING ORDER OF CALORIC VALUE OF FUELS-----LPG,COAL GAS,WATER GAS,PRODUCER GAS
PROTOZOAN ZOONOSES----MALARIA
PROTEIN DEFICIENCY--------ONE YR ABOVE------KWASHIORKAR
POTATO-----MUSA PARADISICA
AFRICAN GOALIATH IS HEAVIEST INSECT IN THE WORLD
CLOVE----FLOWER BUD
KILLING RATS--------ZINC PHOSPHATE,WARFARIN,THALIUM SULPHATE
WHICH IS THE VECTOR OF THE VIRUS BUNCHY TOP DISEASE IN BANANA-----BANANA APHID
WHICH BEES HVE BEEN NOURISH THE LARVAE---WORKER BEES
DDT----
FISH AND MOLLUSCUS CANT TOLERATE PH BELOW5
CADMIUM POLLUTED WATER CAUSES-----ITAI ITAI DISEASE
EMPHYSEMA------
highly conductive metal------silver
best nuclear fuel------
U 238---- it cant be used only U 235 (ENRICHED URANIUM ) CAN BE USED IN REACTOR
IN INDIAN NUCLEAR REACTOR----U 235,P 239 , Th 236 ARE USED.
chile saltpetre-----NaNO3
SALTPETRE-----KNO3
QUICK LIME----CaO
the major source of salt in india is salt pan
sulphates------comman salt in detergents
methane---gobar gas major component
ethylene is used to ripen fruits
potassium permanganate is used to purify water it is done by oxidizing
silver bromide is used in photography
POLYMERS
PVC POLYMER OF VINYL CHLORIDE
process
vulcanisation------sulphur heated with rubber
CARNOTITE IS THE MINERAL OF URANIUM METAL
A new oxidant “X” has been
identified which plays a significant role in the
formation of
gaseous Sulphuric acid in the atmosphere.
Until now, it
was thought that the combination of OH (hydroxyl radical) oxidant
with sulphur
dioxide (SO{-2}) was responsible for the formation of gaseous
sulphuric acid
in the atmosphere.
It is considered
to contribute the formation of 50% of the total sulphuric acid
produced in the
atmosphere. Scientist relate the formation of “X” with
“reaction of
surface emission, such as naturally produced hydrocarbons, with ozone.”
Solvay
process--
Frasch
process—
Haber
process—ammonia
Chile
salpetre---sodium
Fluorspar---calcium
Calamine----zinc
Dolomite--magnesium
Element
is based characterized by atomic number
Actinides
are elements with atomic no…89 to 103
setting
of plaster of paristakes place due to hydration
% of o2
in air--- 20.5%
Drugs
Caffeine,tannins,nicotine—alkaloids
Charge
of proton—1.6*10powr of -19c
Fermentation
of sugar zymase convert glucose to alcohol
Terylene
is polyester
Oxidation----valency
increased, electron removed
Temporary
hardness of water--- bicarbonates of ca and mg
Acid
which itches glass---hydro fluric acid
Methane
Ethylene
Ethane
Acetylene--
Epsom
salt---- purgative
Pyrex
glass is heat resistant
Flint
glass
Vulcanization---
sulphur used
Stranger
gas---xenon
Rubies
and sapphire chemically called---aluminium oxide
Selenium--
conducts electricity
Sulphur,bromine,phosphorus---non
metals poor conductor of electricity
Dry
cleaning chemicals---- benzene,carbon tetra chloride,sodium
carbonate,trichloroethylene
Silver---
Hornsilver,
ruby silver,lunar castic
German
silver--?
18 carat
gold contains 18 parts ofgold and 6 parts of other metals.
Zinc
oxide is called as philosopher’s wool
Purest
form of iron----wrought iron
Firworks
colour--- strontium and barium
Lightest
metal- lithium
Heaviest
metal--osmium
Sodium
thiosulphate role in photography---reduction
Aspirin---methy
salicylate
Power
alchol is mixture of 25%(absolute alcohol)ethyl alcohol+ 75% petrol
Manganese---pyrolusite
ore
Baking
soda—sodium bicarbonate
Washing
soda—sodium carbonate r(emoves permanent hardness of water)
Dry ice—solid carbon dioxide
1.useful
refrigerant
2. acidic
properties
3. on
heating turns to
4.causes
burns when pressed against the skin
Melamine---
cups and crockery
Teflon---
non stick utensils
Bakelite---
electric fittings
Poly
vinyl chloride--- rain coat
Marble—calcium
carbonate
Hypo—thiosulphate
Quartz-silica
Brine-sodium
chloride
Bauxite-aluminium
Baking
powder---- sodium bicarbonate+tartaric acid
Lunar
caustic---silver nitrate
Sodium
hydroxide
Potassium
hydroxide
Sodium
nitrate
Fungicide
Bordeaux mixture—copper sulphate and calcium hydroxide(lime)
Calomel---
mercurous chloride
Fe
doesn’t form amalgam, cu ag, zn forms
Natural
rubber- polyisoprene
Luminous
paint-barium sulphate
Artificial
sweetening agent—aspartame
Gun
cotton—celluose nitrate
Sulphide
ore---forth flotation process
Oxide
ore— gravity seperaton
Bauxite ore—chemical
method
Tinstine
ore—electromagnetic seperation
Substance
coate on plastic tape recorder--- iron oxide
Source
for alpha radiation---U238
NEILS
BOHR RECEIVED FIRST ATOMS FOR PEACE AWARD
LIQUID
AEROSOL IS MIST
SUBLIME
COMPONENT---- BENZOIC ACID, IODINE,AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
ISOTOPES
ISOSTERS
ISODIAPHERS
ISOTONES—ELEMENTS
HAVING SAME NO OF NUETRONS
LAW OF
CONATANT PROPORTION--- PROUST
PROTONS—GOLDSTEIN
LAW OF
OCTAVES-- NEWLAND
LAW OF
RADIOACTIVE TRANSFORMATION--SODDY
Radius of
atom---10 power of -10 m
CADMIUM
POLLUTED WATE CAUSES ITAI ITAI DISEASE
Iupac
name
Butanedionic
acid (dicarboylic acid)- succinic acid
propanedioic acid-Malonoic
acid
hexanedioic acid-Adipic acid
pentanedioic acid-Glutaric
acid
NITRIGENOUS
FERTILIZERS—AMMONIUM SULPHATE
PHOSPHATIC
FERTILIZERS—SINGLE SUPER PHOSPHATE
POTASSIC
FERTILIZERS—POTASSIUM NITRATE
COMPLEX
FERTILIZERS—AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
nuclear
model of atom- Rutherford
empirical
atomic model- j. j. Thomson
elliptical
orbits of electrons in an atom- sommerfield
model of
hydrogen atom- bohr
neutron-
chadwick
No comments:
Post a Comment