The Abel Prize is an international prize presented by the King of Norway to one or more outstanding mathematicians. Named after Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829), the award was proposed by Sophus Lie (1842–1899). Lie's death marked an interruption in the establishment of the award, and King Oscar II's attempt to establish the award in 1902 was proofed unsuccessful, complicated by the dissolution of the Union between Sweden and Norway three years later. The prize has often been described as the "mathematician's Nobel prize" and is among the most prestigious awards in mathematics. It comes with a monetary award of NOK 6 million, which is approximately US$1.06 million. The Abel Prize complements the Holberg Prize in the arts, humanities, social sciences, law and theology.
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters annually declares the winner of the Abel Prize after selection by a committee of five international mathematicians. The committee is headed by Ragni Piene. The International Mathematical Union and the European Mathematical Society nominate members of the Abel Committee. Norway gave the prize an initial funding of NOK200,000,000 (about US$23,000,000) in 2001.[5][6]
The prize board has also established an Abel symposium, administered by the Norwegian Mathematical Society. The award ceremony takes place in the Atrium of the University of Oslo Faculty of Law, where the Nobel Peace Prize was formerly awarded between 1947 and 1989.
The prize was first proposed to be part of the 1902 celebration of 100th anniversary of Abel's birth.[6] Shortly before his death in 1899, Sophus Lie proposed establishing an Abel Prize when he learned that Alfred Nobel's plans for annual prizes would not include a prize in mathematics. King Oscar II was willing to finance a mathematics prize in 1902 (the centenary of Abel), and the mathematicians Ludwig Sylow and Carl Størmer drew up statutes and rules for the proposed prize. However, Lie's influence waned after his death, and the dissolution of the Union between Sweden and Norway in 1905 ended the first attempt to create the Abel Prize.[6]
After interest in the concept of the prize had risen in 2001, a working group was formed to develop a proposal, which was presented to the Prime minister of Norway in May. In August 2001, the Norwegian government announced that the prize would be awarded beginning in 2002, the two-hundredth anniversary of Abel's birth. The first prize was actually awarded in 2003. Every five years, a volume of a book series recently commenced will present the Abel Prize laureates and their research. The first volume covers the years 2003–2007.
[edit]Laureates
| Year | Laureate(s) | Citizenship | Institution | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | Jean-Pierre Serre | French | Collège de France | "for playing a key role in shaping the modern form of many parts of mathematics, including topology, algebraic geometry and number theory" |
| 2004 | Michael Atiyah Isadore Singer | British American | University of Edinburgh MIT | "for their discovery and proof of the index theorem, bringing together topology, geometry and analysis, and their outstanding role in building new bridges between mathematics and theoretical physics" |
| 2005 | Peter Lax | American | Courant Institute, NYU | "for his groundbreaking contributions to the theory and application of partial differential equations and to the computation of their solutions" |
| 2006 | Lennart Carleson | Swedish | Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan | "for his profound and seminal contributions to harmonic analysis and the theory of smooth dynamical systems" |
| 2007 | S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan | Indian American | Courant Institute, NYU | "for his fundamental contributions to probability theory and in particular for creating a unified theory of large deviation" |
| 2008 | John G. Thompson Jacques Tits | American French | University of Florida Collège de France | "for their profound achievements in algebra and in particular for shaping modern group theory" |
| 2009 | Mikhail Gromov | Russian French | IHÉS Courant Institute, NYU | "for his revolutionary contributions to geometry" |
| 2010 | John T. Tate | American | UT Austin | "for his vast and lasting impact on the theory of numbers" |
| 2011 | John Milnor | American | Stony Brook University | "for pioneering discoveries in topology, geometry, and algebra" |
| 2012 | Endre Szemerédi | Hungarian | Alfréd Rényi Institute and Rutgers University | "for his fundamental contributions to discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science, and in recognition of the profound and lasting impact of these contributions on additive number theory and ergodic theory" |
"mathematician's Nobel prize" and is among the most prestigious awards in
mathematics----Abel Prize
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