The Keeling Curve is a graph which plots the ongoing change in concentration of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere since 1958. It is based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii under the supervision of Charles David Keeling. Keeling's measurements showed the first significant evidence of rapidly increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Many scientists credit Keeling's graph with first bringing the world's attention to the current increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Dendrochronology
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings.
Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in
many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. This has three main
areas of application: paleoecology, where it is used to determine certain aspects of past ecologies(most prominently climate); archaeology, where it is used to date old buildings, etc.; and radiocarbon dating, where it is used to calibrate radiocarbon ages (see below).
In
some areas of the world, it is possible to date wood back a few
thousand years, or even many thousands. Currently, the maximum for fully
anchored chronologies is a little over 11,000 years from present.
Sampling and dating
Timber core samples measure the width of annual growth rings. By taking samples from different sites and different strata within
a particular region, researchers can build a comprehensive historical
sequence that becomes a part of the scientific record; for example,
ancient timbers found in buildings can be dated to give an indication of
when the source tree was alive and growing, setting an upper limit on
the age of the wood. Some genera of trees are more suitable than others
for this type of analysis. Likewise, in areas where trees grew in
marginal conditions such as aridity or semi-aridity, the techniques of
dendrochronology are more consistent than in humid areas. These tools
have been important in archaeological dating of timbers of the cliff
dwellings of Native Americans in the arid Southwest.
A
benefit of dendrochronology is that it makes available specimens of
once-living material accurately dated to a specific year to be used as
a calibration and check of radiocarbon dating, through the estimation of a date range formed through the interception of radiocarbon (B.P., or 'B'efore 'P'resent, where present equals 1950-01-01) and calendar years.The bristlecone pine,
being exceptionally long-lived and slow growing, has been used for this
purpose, with still-living and dead specimens providing tree ring
patterns going back thousands of years. In some regions dating sequences
of more than 10,000 years are available.
The dendrochronologist faces many obstacles, however, including some species of ant which inhabit trees and extend their galleries into the wood, thus destroying ring structure.
Similar seasonal patterns also occur in ice cores and in varves (layers of sediment deposition
in a lake, river, or sea bed). The deposition pattern in the core will
vary for a frozen-over lake versus an ice-free lake, and with the
fineness of the sediment. Some columnar cactus also exhibit similar seasonal patterns in the isotopes of carbon and oxygen in their spines (acanthochronology).
These are used for dating in a manner similar to dendrochronology, and
such techniques are used in combination with dendrochronology, to plug
gaps and to extend the range of the seasonal data available to
archaeologists and paleoclimatologists.
While
archaeologists can use the technique to date the piece of wood and when
it was felled, it may be difficult to definitively determine the age of
a building or structure that the wood is in. The wood could have been
reused from an older structure, may have been felled and left for many
years before use, or could have been used to replace a damaged piece of
wood.
Atmosphere
Troposphere- if u go up the
temp decreasesat 6.5 degree/km
atmos acts like a glass house for earth,absorbs the longwave
radiation
Rivers
Zaire crosses the equator twice
Murray—Indian ocean
Congo—atlantic ocean
Nile—medittrean sea
Indus---indian ocean
Sea
Caspian sea---- world’s
biggest lake
Baikal lake--- world deepest
lake
Michigan- lake bordered by
bg cities
Dead sea—lake below sea
level
One litre sea water
contains---35% salt
Sargasso sea ---- north
atlantic ocean
Canal
Panama--- lnks atlantic and
pacific ocean
CURRENTS
Agulhas Current
|
Indian
|
Warm
|
Alaska Current
|
North Pacific
|
Warm
|
aleutian
|
North pacific
|
|
Benguela Current
|
South Atlantic
|
Warm/Cool
|
Brazil Current
|
South Atlantic
|
Warm
|
California Current
|
North Pacific
|
Cool
|
Canaries Current
|
North Atlantic
|
Cool
|
East Australian Current
|
South Pacific
|
Warm
|
Equitorial Current
|
Pacific
|
Warm
|
Gulf Stream
|
North Altantic
|
Warm
|
Humboldt (Peru) Current
|
South Pacific
|
Cool
|
Kuroshio (Japan) Current
|
North Pacific
|
Warm
|
Labrador Current
|
North Atlantic
|
Cool
|
North Atlantic Drift
|
North Atlantic
|
Warm
|
North Pacific Drift
|
North Pacific
|
Warm
|
Oyashio (Kamchatka) Current
|
North Pacific
|
Cool
|
West Australian Current
|
Indian
|
Cool
|
West Wind Drift
|
South Pacific
|
Cool
|
MOZAMBIQUE INDIAN WARM
Straits
World’s narrowest strait
used for international navigation.it connects black sea with sea of marmara.in
2010 , for the
first time, a robotic 'yellow submarine' was sent to observe detailed flows
within an 'undersea river' in the Bosphorous.
Florida starit
Gibraltar starit
Bering strait
Malacca strait
Kardiva Channel -is a broad channel running from southwest to
northeast and cutting across the Maldive atoll chain. This channel divides the Northern
from the Central atolls of the Maldives. It
appeared on the old French maps as Courant
de Caridou. Locally it is also referred to as the northern part being the Kaashidhoo Bodu Kandu and Kaashidhoo Kuda Kandu the southern part.
9 degree channel- separates
lakshwadeep and maliku atoll
10 degree channel –
separates Andaman and nicobar
Volcano
|
Country
/ Location
|
Eruption
Start Date
|
||
Iceland
|
2011
|
|||
Iceland
|
2011
|
|||
Chile
|
2011
|
|||
Chile
|
2011
|
|||
Costa
Rica
|
2011
|
|||
Nicaragua
|
2011
|
|||
United
States
|
2011
|
|||
Russia
|
2011
|
|||
Russia
|
2011
|
|||
Japan
|
2011
|
|||
Japan
|
2011
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2011
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2011
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2011
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2011
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2011
|
|||
Vanuatu
|
2011
|
|||
Papua
New Guinea
|
2011
|
|||
Tonga
|
2011
|
|||
Eritrea
|
2011
|
|||
Nicaragua
|
2010 Dec 15
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2010 Nov 26
|
|||
Ecuador
|
2010 Nov 22
|
|||
Russia
|
2010 Nov 11 (?)
|
|||
Philippines
|
2010 Nov 6
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2010 Oct 25 (?)
|
|||
India
|
2010 Sep 17
|
|||
Italy
|
2010 Aug 25
|
|||
Papua
New Guinea
|
2010 Aug 10 (?)
|
|||
Papua
New Guinea
|
2010 May 26 ±
4 days
|
|||
Nicaragua
|
2009 Dec 11
|
|||
Chile
|
2009 Nov 22
|
|||
Costa
Rica
|
2009 Nov
|
|||
Colombia
|
2008 Oct 26 (?)
|
|||
Solomon
Is
|
2008 Sep 19 (?)
|
|||
Ecuador
|
2008 Jul 27
|
|||
Vanuatu
|
2008 May 23
|
|||
Indonesia
|
2008 Apr 5
|
|||
United
Kingdom
|
2005 Apr 15
|
|||
México
|
2005 Jan 9
|
|||
Japan
|
2004 Oct 23
|
|||
DR
Congo
|
2002 May 17 (?)
|
|||
Guatemala
|
2002 Jan 4
|
|||
Russia
|
2001 Nov 15
|
|||
Papua
New Guinea
|
2000 Sep 16
|
|||
Russia
|
1999 Aug 15
|
|||
México
|
1997 Nov 22
|
|||
East
Antarctica
|
1972 Dec (on
or before)
|
|||
Indonesia
|
1967 Aug 31
|
|||
Ethiopia
|
1967 (in
or before)
|
|||
Japan
|
1955 Oct 13
|
|||
Ecuador
|
1934 Aug 8
|
|||
Italy
|
1934 Feb 2
|
|||
Indonesia
|
1933 Aug 13
|
|||
Guatemala
|
1922 Jun 22
|
|||
Vanuatu
|
1774 (in
or before)
|
|||
Europe and Atlantic Ocean:
·
Vesuvius- italy
Iceland:
Africa and Indian Ocean:
Indonesia:
|
Aleutians, Alaska and North America:
Central America and Carribean:
South America:
Other regions:
|
Pacific Ocean:
Ring of Fire (Kurile Islands to Philippines):
|
India
Sun does not shine
vertically over hazaribarg
Rice bowl---
Wheat bowl
Egg bowl
Soya bowl
Only floating national park
of india----keibul lamjao
India’s first cinemascope
film was kaagaz ke phool
The largest desalination
plant in South Asia is the Minjur Desalination Plant near Chennai in India which
produces 36.5 million cubic meters of water per year.NEW INDIa Largest seawater
desalination plnt to open soon in nemmili 100
MLD (million litres per day).
Thermal-Coal based
[edit]Coal
Based (Owned by JVs)
[edit]GAS
based
[edit]
NTPC Hydel
Boundary
Pakistan bordered
Bangladesh borders---assam,Meghalaya,
The
"Hkakabo Razi" which is famous for Hkakabo Razi National Park, is a border tripoint
between india ,china and Myanmar.
Islands
Seychelles- in
Indian ocean
Elephant island
Wheelers
Sager
KURIL ISLAND
DISPUTED TERITORRY BETWN JAPAN AND RUSSIA
Kerala
Cochin located in
wellington island
Areawise
1ST
FULLY LITERRATE DISTRICT OUTIDE KERALA IS WARDHAMAN(W.B)
States
1.Rajasthan
2.Madhayapradesh
Mizoram is called the molassis basin
Siachen glacieri in karakoram range
Gulf of khambhat----btwn gujarat and Gujarat
Gulf of kutch-
Mountains
Himalayas
Nanga parbat-j&k
Mt.kamet—uttrakand
Dhaualagiri—nepal
Namchaparva—china
Ranges
Karakoram, Zaskar, pirpanchal,ladakh
East to west
Khasi garo jantia mishi
Naga hills form the watershed btwn myanmar and india.
Satmala
harichandra
Mishmi
Baba bhudan---- southern
most range of mountain
Forests-
Shola forest---
temperate forest
Rivers
Name
|
Origin
|
States
|
Dam
|
resorvoir
|
Pong dam
|
||||
Indus
|
Tibet
|
|||
Sutlej
|
Tibet
|
|||
Babli dam
|
Maharastra
|
|||
Ghaghara
|
Tibet
|
|||
Chambal
|
Gandhi sagar dam
|
|||
Bramhaputra
|
Manasarovar lake
|
|||
METTUR DAM(1934)
|
||||
Son
|
||||
Mahe
|
||||
Sabarmathi
|
Ken
betwa
Mahe crosses tropic of
cancer twice
Luni river drains in gulf of
kutch
Deva prayag- confluence of
alaknand and Bhagirathi
Vishnu prayag- alaknand and
Vishnu ganga
Rudra prayag- alaknand and
mandakini
Karana prayag- alaknand and
pindar
Conventional Sources of Energy
I. The sources of energy which
have been in use for a long time, e.g., coal, petroleum, natural gas and water
power.
II. They are exhaust able except
water.
III. They cause pollution when
used, as they emit smoke and ash.
IV. They are very expensive to be
maintained, stored and transmitted as they are carried over long distance through
transmission grid and lines.
Non-Conventional Sources of
Energy
I. The resources which are yet in
the process of development over the past few years. It includes solar, wind,
tidal, biogas, and biomass, geothermal.
II. They are inexhaustible.
III. They are generally pollution
free.
IV. Less expensive due to local
sue and easy to maintain.
Power
Hydro electic
Thermal
National thermal power
limited set up in 1975.
Thermal-Coal based
Sr. No.
|
Project
|
State
|
Inst.Capacity
|
1
|
2,000
|
||
2
|
2,600
|
||
3
|
2,600
|
||
4
|
2,100
|
||
5
|
3,760
|
||
6
|
2,500
|
||
7
|
2,340
|
||
8
|
1,820
|
||
9
|
3,000
|
||
10
|
1,050
|
||
11
|
460
|
||
12
|
1,500
|
||
13
|
440
|
||
14
|
705
|
||
15
|
2980
|
||
16
|
NTPC
Bongaigaon (commissioning
2013 onwards [7])
|
750 (3x250 MW)
|
|
17
|
NTPC Mouda (1 unit 500 MW is commissioned in
April 2012 [8])
|
1000 (2x500 MW)
|
|
18
|
Rihand
Thermal Power Station (erection
phase)
|
1*500 MW
|
|
19
|
3300 (5x660 MW)
|
||
Total
|
31,995
|
[edit]Coal
Based (Owned by JVs)
Sr. No.
|
Name of the JV
|
City
|
State
|
Inst.Capacity
|
1
|
120
|
|||
2
|
120
|
|||
3
|
574
|
|||
4
|
Nabinagar Power Generating Co. Pvt. Ltd. (NPGC). Joint venture
with Bihar State Electricity Board.
|
1980
|
||
5
|
Muzaffarpur Thermal Power Station (MTPS). Joint venture with
Bihar State Electricity Board.
|
110
|
||
6
|
Bhartiya Rail Bijlee Company Limited. Joint venture with Indian Railways.
|
1000
|
||
7
|
1500
|
|||
Total
|
5404
|
[edit]GAS
based
Sr. No.
|
Project
|
State
|
Inst.Capacity
|
|
1
|
413
|
|||
2
|
652
|
|||
3
|
645
|
|||
4
|
817
|
|||
5
|
648
|
|||
6
|
350
|
|||
7
|
430
|
|||
Total
|
4955
|
[edit]
NTPC Hydel
The company has also stepped up its hydroelectric power
(hydel) projects implementation. Some of these projects are:
1.
Loharinag
Pala Hydro Power Project by
NTPC Ltd: In Loharinag Pala Hydro Power Project with a capacity of 600 MW (150
MW x 4 Units). The main package has been awarded. The present executives'
strength is 100+. The project is located on river Bhagirathi (a
tributary of the Ganges) in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand state. This is
the first project downstream from the origin of the Ganges at Gangotri. Project has been discontinued by
Government of India in August 2010.
2.
Tapovan Vishnugad 520MW Hydro Power Project by
NTPC Ltd: In Joshimath town.
3.
Lata Tapovan 130MW Hydro Power Project by NTPC
Ltd: is further upstream to Joshimath. This project is under environmental
revision.
4.
Koldam Hydro Power Project 800 MW in Himachal
Pradesh (130 km from Chandigarh)
5.
Rupasiyabagar Khasiabara HPP, 261 MW in
Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand State, near China Border.
Tidal----
Wind--
Geothermal
Wave
Atomic power plant
Nuclear power plants
Currently, twenty nuclear power
reactors produce 4,780.00 MW (2.9% of total installed base).[53][54]
Power
station
|
Operator
|
State
|
Type
|
Units
|
Total
capacity (MW)
|
220 x 4
|
880
|
||||
220 x 2
|
440
|
||||
220 x 2
|
440
|
||||
220 x 2
|
440
|
||||
100 x 1
200 x 1 220 x 4 |
1180
|
||||
|
BOILING WATER REACTOR
|
160 x 2
540 x 2 |
1400
|
|||
Total
|
20
|
4780
|
The projects under construction are:[55]
Power
station
|
Operator
|
State
|
Type
|
Units
|
Total
capacity (MW)
|
1000 x 2
|
2000
|
||||
500 x 1
|
500
|
||||
700 x 2
|
1400
|
||||
700 x 2
|
1400
|
||||
Total
|
7
|
5300
|
There have thus been mass
protests against the French-backed 9900 MW Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project in Maharashtra and the 2000 MW Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant in Tamil Nadu. The state government of West
Bengal state has also refused permission to a proposed 6000 MW facility near
the town of Haripur that intended to host six Russian reactors. The People's Movement Against Nuclear Energy is an anti-nuclear power group in Tamil Nadu, India. The aim of the group is to close the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant site and to preserve the largely untouched coastal
landscape, as well as educate locals about nuclear power
Soil
Pedalfer soil---- soil of
grassland
Red soil
Found maximum in tamilnadu
Found in Rarh region of west
Bengal.
Laterite soil or ferral soil
Institutes
WORLD TRADE CENTRE IN INDIA PLANNING TO SET UP AT--- KOCHI
NATIONAL
CENTRE FOR ANTARTIC &OCEAN RESEARCH--- GOA
Central institute fo fisheries---- kochi
Central
Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE)
is the only Deemed University for fisheries in India
The institute is one of the four
main institutes under the Indian
Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR);
the other three being the Indian
Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI),
The National
Dairy Research Institute (NDRI)
and the Indian
Agriculture Research Institute (IARI)[2]
A total of four subcentres
operate under CIFE, including ones at Kolkata (West Bengal), Rohtak (Haryana), Kakinada (Andhra Pradesh) and Powerkheda (Madhya Pradesh)
Central cotton research institute---nagpur
Regional cotton r .i --- coimbatore
Birbal Sahni Institute of Paleobotany- LUCKNOW
VARIABLE ENERGY CYCLOTRON CENTRE ---KOLKATTA
NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE --- HYDERABAD
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NUTRITION---HYDERABAD
NANO KNOWLEDGE CITY--- CHANDIGRAH
India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a proposed particle
physics research
project to
primarily study atmospheric neutrinos in a 1,300 meters (4,300 ft) deep cave under
Ino Peak near Theni (POTTIPURAM), Tamil Nadu, India
INDIAN METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT ESTABLISHED IN
1875
National Institute of Secondary Steel Technology (NISST)-NISST
aims to be a single source for all the requirements of the secondary steel
sector
Biju Patnaik National Steel Institute-Situated
in Puri,
BPNSI is an institute of modern steel technology. It provides education and
training, research and development, and consultancy to the Steel Sector
Wind
Chinook wind is other wise called as snow
eater.
Sirocco is a hot wind.
Fohn is a
Mineral resources
Fertilizer
First fertilizer plant in sindri(bihar)
Core industry
Petrol,crude oil,steel
Oil
First oil well in india located in assam(1901)
The Gujarat Refinery is an oil refinery located at Koyali (Near Vadodara)
in Gujarat, Western India. It is the largest refinery owned by Indian Oil
Corporation
As of July, 2005
there are a total of 18 refineries in the country comprising 17 in the Public
Sector, one in the private sector. The company-wise locations and capacity of
the refineries as on 1.7.2005 are given below:
S.NO.
|
Name of the company
|
Location of the Refinery
|
Capacity(MMTPA)*
|
1.
|
Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL)
|
Guwahati
|
1.00
|
2.
|
IOCL
|
Barauni
|
6.00
|
3.
|
IOCL
|
Koyali(Gujarat)
|
13.70
|
4.
|
IOCL
|
Haldia
|
6.00
|
5.
|
IOCL
|
Mathura
|
8.00
|
6.
|
IOCL
|
Digboi
|
0.65
|
7.
|
IOCL
|
Panipat
|
6.00
|
8.
|
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL)
|
Mumbai
|
5.50
|
9.
|
HPCL
|
Visakhapatnam
|
7.50
|
10.
|
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)
|
Mumbai
|
6.90
|
11.
|
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL)
|
Manali
|
9.50
|
12.
|
CPCL
|
Nagapattnam
|
1.00
|
13.
|
Kochi Refineries Ltd. (KRL)
|
Kochi
|
7.50
|
14.
|
Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd.
(BRPL)
|
Bongaigaon
|
2.35
|
15.
|
Numaligarh Refinery Ltd.(NRL)
|
Numaligarh
|
3.00
|
16.
|
Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd.
(MRPL)
|
Mangalore
|
9.69
|
17.
|
Tatipaka refinery (ONGC)
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
0.078
|
18.
|
Reliance Petroleum Ltd. (RPL).Pvt. Sector
|
Jamnagar
|
33.00
|
TOTAL
|
127.37
|
* Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum
Silver
Zawar mine in Udaipur famous for silver.
Gold
India 10th country in world
Rank
|
Country/Organization
|
Gold
(tonnes) |
|
1
|
8,133.5
|
76.6%
|
|
2
|
3,396.3
|
73.7%
|
|
3
|
2,814.0
|
N.A.
|
|
4
|
2,451.8
|
73.4%
|
|
5
|
2,435.4
|
71.8%
|
|
6
|
1,054.1
|
01.8%
|
|
7
|
1,040.1
|
15.3%
|
|
8
|
883.2
|
09.2%
|
|
9
|
765.2
|
03.5%
|
|
10
|
612.5
|
61.9%
|
|
11
|
557.7
|
09.6%
|
|
12
|
502.1
|
35.0%
|
|
13
|
422.4
|
05.9%
|
|
14
|
382.5
|
89.2%
|
|
15
|
372.9
|
67.7%
|
|
India holds 1st position in the mica
production
Gypsum
Rajasthan leading producer
Mineral oil
Kalol(guj) is famous for oil.
Iron and steel
Goa famoua for iron ore mine
Indal- alupuram
Hindalco- renukoot
Balco-korba
Nalco-damanjodi
SAIL Integrated Steel Plants
1. Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP) in Odisha set up with G erman collaboration
(The first integrated steel plant in the Public Sector in India, 1959)
4. Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) in Jharkhand (1965) set up with Soviet collaboration
(The Plant is hailed as the country’s first Swadeshi steel plant, built with
maximum indigenous content in terms of equipment, material and know-how)
Special Steel Plants
Subsidiaries
Public Sector
Undertakings
§ Steel
Authority of India Limited (SAIL)
§ Rashtriya Ispat
Nigam Ltd. (RINL)
§ National
Mineral Development Corporation Ltd
(NMDC)
§ Kudremukh
Iron Ore Company Ltd (KIOCL)
§ Manganese
Ore (India) Ltd (MOIL)
§ MSTC
Limited
§ Sponge Iron India Limited (SIIL)
§ Bharat
Refractories Limited (BRL)
§ Ferro Scrap Nigam Limited (FSNL)
Coal
Largest coal mine is jharia.
Platinum- orissa
Ruby-orrisa
Uranium
White coal
Aluminium plant---- requires bauxite and electricity
Corundum- sole producer
maharastra
Transport
Airways
Airport authority of india
set up in 1995
Lokpriya gopinath bardoloi
international airport----- guwahati
§
Railways
LONGEST RAILWAY BRIDGE OF INDIA IS LOCATED IN KERALA
Icf Set up in 1955
Sl. No
|
Name
|
Abbr.
|
Date Established
|
Route KMs
|
Headquarters
|
Divisions
|
1.
|
CR
|
1951-11-05
|
3905
|
|||
2.
|
ECR
|
2002-10-01
|
3628
|
|||
3.
|
ECoR
|
2003-04-01
|
2572
|
|||
4.
|
ER
|
1952-04
|
2414
|
|||
5.
|
NCR
|
2003-04-01
|
3151
|
|||
6.
|
NER
|
1952
|
3667
|
|||
7.
|
NWR
|
2002-10-01
|
5459
|
|||
8.
|
NFR
|
1958-01-15
|
3907
|
|||
9.
|
NR
|
1952-04-14
|
6968
|
|||
10.
|
SCR
|
1966-10-02
|
5803
|
|||
11.
|
SECR
|
2003-04-01
|
2447
|
|||
12.
|
SER
|
1955
|
2631
|
|||
13.
|
SWR
|
2003-04-01
|
3177
|
|||
14.
|
SR
|
1951-04-14
|
5098
|
|||
15.
|
WCR
|
2003-04-01
|
2965
|
|||
16.
|
WR
|
1951-11-05
|
6182
|
|||
17.
|
KNR
|
2010
|
--
|
Ports
Northern most port of india-
kandla
Tamilnadu has the maximum no
of major ports
Deepest major port in india-
vishak
Name
|
All Indian Ports
|
13th major port
is located at south andaman
The Port Pipavav in Saurashtra,
handled by APM terminals;
developed by AFCONS is one of the most efficient Port functioning in India.
Port of Dhamara in Orissa was
inaugurated in August 2010 which is 18 meter deep[4]) of India.[5] There
are another 5 ports offing in Orissa.[6]
Road
North south corridor and
east west corridor meet at jhansi
National highway
Post
Indipex 2011 organised by
india post.
Tribal population
Angamis--- Nagaland
Todas—tamil nadu
Moplahs---kerala
Khasis—meghalaya
Konkan-Gabit, Gauda
and Kunbi
Kathiawar-Walas,
Jethwas, Raijadas, Chudasamas, Gohils, Parmars
Kutch-Lohana, Bhatia, Kapdi, Jadeja, Gadhvi, Darbar
Irrigation
Tube wells
Max in tamil nadu
Agriculture
Rice
100 to 150 cm
China tops in
production in the world next is india, then Indonesia and Bangladesh.
Rice
production-----West Bengal, andra,up,Punjab,tn
Wheat
75-100 cm
Ragi
50-100 cm
Baira
40 to 50 cm
Jute
Golden fibre
Castor seeds
Gujarat largest
producer of castor seeds.
Grapes
Karnataka is the
largest producer of grapes.
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